DOVER KENT ARCHIVES

Sort file:- Canterbury, November, 2024.

Page Updated:- Tuesday, 19 November, 2024.

PUB LIST PUBLIC HOUSES Paul Skelton & Rory Kehoe

Earliest 1728

Gate Inn (Gutteridge Gate)

Latest 1965+

(Name to)

32 Old Dover Road

Canterbury

Gate Inn 1896

Above postcard, circa 1896, kindly sent by Rory Kehoe.

Gate Inn 1900

Above photo, circa 1900, kindly sent by Rory Kehoe.

Gate 1910

Above photo circa 1910, kindly sent by Rory Kehoe.

Gate 1910

Above photo circa 1910, kindly sent by Rory Kehoe.

Gate 1924

Above photo, circa 1924, kindly sent by Rory Kehoe.

Gate 1937

Above photo circa 1937, kindly sent by Rory Kehoe.

Gate 1954

Above photo, circa 1954, kindly sent by Rory Kehoe.

 Eva May Butcher nee Stevens 1963

Eva May Butcher nee Stevens outside the Gate Inn, approximately 1963/4. Kindly sent by Tanya McShee.

Gate Inn 1965

Above photo, circa 1965, kindly sent by Bill Garnet.

Gate Inn 1965

Above photo taken by Edward Wilmot in 1965.

Gertrude Brickenden 1968

Above watercolour showing Gertrude Brickenden, Charles 9th child from book "Portrait of Canterbury" by Richard Church, drawing by John Sergeant 1968.

 

Dating back to 1728, the inn was built near the Toll Gate and was originally known as the "Sign of the Gate."  The gate in question being known as Gutteridge Gate and the title of "Gutteridge Gate" has also been used to identify this premises in Kelly's Directory of 1903. The 1891 census gave this address as Patrixbourne. The first landlord was Richard Howard, who also collected the tolls and was a trained tallow chandler (maker of candles). In 1781 the "Gate Inn" became a coaching house where travellers could rest for a night.

Gate map 1874

Above map, 1874.

 

Supplied by Rigden's in the early 19th century, their rent book refers to the Turnpike House with the inn-keeper paying £8 rent and Property tax of £1 15s. 7d. a year.

1848 inn-keeper Richard Wood was also a pig breeder.

 

From the Kentish Gazette, 11 October 1775.

To be SOLD to the highest Bidder.

On Tuesday, the 17th Day of this instant October, exactly at Three of the Clock in the Afternoon, at the Sign of the "Gate" near Harbledown, in the County of Kent, in Two Lots.

All that freehold Messuage or Tenement (formerly known by the Sign of the "White Horse") with the Close, Yard, Garden, Orchard, and Appurtenances thereunto belonging; situate, lying, and being in the Parish of Harbledown, in the County of Kent, near the Turnpike, and now in the Occupation of Mr. Thomas Davison.

For further Particulars please to apply to Mr. Cumming, at Canterbury.

October 4, 1775.

 

From the Kentish Gazette 5 June 1838.

(Full account found from this link. Paul Skelton)

Full Particulars, up to the latest hour last night, of the conflict between Sir William Courtenay and a detachment of the 45th Infantry, in the Blean Woods, near Canterbury, on the 31st of May; and the evidence adduced up to the same period, at the Inquests upon the bodies.

It is now six years since the individual, whose death has entailed misery and ruin upon the families of a large body of agricultural labourers, first made his appearance in the county of Kent.

His assumption of the Devon Peerage, and his claims to other titles and property, together with his reported wealth, the narratives of his Palestine pilgrimages, his magnificent and costly Eastern mode of dress, his manly and elegant figure, his impressive countenance, and his dauntless spirit, induced people of every grade to look upon him as a man of "more than common cast."

It would be needless to enter into a recapitulation of the eccentric man’s life during the few month’s he sojourned in the city of Canterbury. His contest for parliamentary honours in opposition to the Hon. Rd. Watson and Lord Fordwich, proves that, however well qualified for winning the golden opinions of the poorest and most ignorant, art and study, or a close observance of human nature, had endowed him with a tact which made him estimable in the eyes of the better educated, and enabled him to ingratiate himself into the good opinions of the learned by an originality of idea, a brilliancy of conception, and a fluency of choice and classical language. These distinguished acquirements carried public opinion in his favor even among the most sceptical, and from his friendly disposition to the poor, and general urbanity he dwelt in the hearts of all men, until the wildness of his schemes to retrieve, as he said, his lost property, and the exposure of the deceit and falsehood which he practised, overwhelmed him suddenly with disgrace and infamy.

We subjoin a brief notice of his early connexion with Canterbury:—

Sir W. Courtenay first appeared in Canterbury in the Michaelmas of the year 1832; and the first rumour was, that an eccentric character was living at the "Rose Inn," who passed under the name of Count Rothschild, but had been recently known in London by the name of Thompson. His countenance and costume denoted foreign extraction, while his language and conversation showed that he was well acquainted with almost every part of the kingdom. He often decked his person with a fine suit of Italian clothing, and sometimes with the more gay and imposing costume of the eastern nations. In December of the same year he surprised the citizens of Canterbury by offering himself as a candidate for the representation of the city in parliament, and created an entertaining contest for the honour long after the sitting candidates had composed themselves to the delightful vision of an unexpensive and unopposed return, he was also a candidate for the eastern division of this county, but polled only four votes, the county voters having derived a lesson of wisdom from the sad effects of his former freaks and follies. After striving in vain to possess himself of a seat in parliament, at least a return of having been elected for one, the adventurer appears to have studied with much more ardour and vigilance than before to captivate the affections of the lower orders in the city. He made it known that his condescension was as great as his rank and wealth, and that he should be willing to accept of invitations to visit the humblest families — to eat and drink at the peasant’s and the laborer’s table — to make one of a larger or smaller party at the lowest public-house, — to enrol his name in the meanest society, and to have it published abroad that Sir William Courtenay preferred being the companion of the cottager and the friend of the poor. It is easy to conclude that such intelligence charmed a million hearts, and obtained entreaties for his company from every quarter. So numerous were his engagements, that he was obliged to run or ride from house to house, taking a slight repast at each, and generally concluding the day at a banquet prepared by a number of his new friends in some club-room.

During the whole of this period, the excitement produced by Sir William was beyond conception. He set at defiance the civic authorities, and the Mayor and Magistrates of Canterbury, although professing popular principles, were obliged on one occasion to seek safety in military aid.

Shortly after this he got into a more serious difficulty, by interfering in behalf of a party of smugglers who were captured and conveyed to Rochester for examination. The outline of this affair is as follows:—

In the month of February an action took place between her Majesty’s sloop Lively, a revenue cruiser, and a smuggling boat called the Admiral Hood, near the Goodwin Sands, which ended in the capture of the latter, which, with the crew, was taken to Rochester for adjudication. On boarding the smuggler no contraband goods were found; but, during the chase, she was distinctly seen by the Lively throwing tubs overboard, and some of them were marked and picked up by the crew of the cruiser. On the examination of the smugglers before the magistrates at Rochester, Sir William Courtenay made his appearance, attired in a grotesque costume, and having a small cimetar suspended from his neck by a massive gold chain. On one of the men being examined. Sir William became his advocate; but the man being convicted, a professional gentleman from London defended the next, and Sir William presented himself as a witness, and swore that he saw the whole transaction between the Lively and the Admiral Hood, and was positive that the tubs, stated to have come from the Admiral Hood, had been floating about in the sea all the morning, and were not thrown overboard from that vessel. The object of this statement was evidently to prove that the Admiral Hood was not a smuggler, and consequently to procure the liberation of the men. The solicitors for the Customs, having undoubted evidence that this testimony was false, determined to proceed against an individual who had been guilty of such a public and daring act of perjury. The trial came on at Maidstone, before Mr. Justice James Parke, on the 25th of July, 1833, when he was found guilty of wilful and corrupt perjury, and sentenced to imprisonment in gaol for three calendar months, and at the expiration of that term to be transported to such place beyond the seas as his Majesty, by and with the advice of his Privy Council, should direct, for the term of seven years. Before, however, the three months’ imprisonment had expired, it was found that Sir William was completely out of his senses; the sentence was annulled, and he was sent to the Kent Lunatic Asylum at Barming, where be has been confined until a few months since.

Whilst at Barming-heath his admirers, particularly among the poorer Classes, seized with avidity all tidings of him. They supplied him regularly with every necessary and luxury, and contributions were made weekly for his maintenance in a style befitting his exalted situation in life. A few months only were suffered to elapse ere addresses, memorials, and petitions, praying for his le-lease, were forwarded to the Government. After a detention of four years, Mr. Toms, of Cornwall, the father, and Mrs. Toms, the wife of the self-dubbed Knight of Malta, applied for his release, and on the father offering to be responsible for his conduct, and to be bound to take care of him. Lord John Russell directed the case to be inquired into, and reported to him. The surgeon represented that, although of unsound mind. Sir William was not a dangerous madman, and the Home Secretary signed his order of discharge from confinement. With old Mr. Toms' acquiescence, his son paid a visit to Mr. Francis, of Fairbrook, near Canterbury. The Knight domiciled with the family, and they lived very comfortably for several months. Sir William amusing himself by traversing and exploring the immense woods which intersect — nay, almost cover — that part of the country. At length a rupture broke out between the friends, on the subject of his parentage and prospects; and he was, ultimately, ordered to quit the house. This he did, and his clothes and property were conveyed to another destination, and then removed to Bosenden, the residence of John Culver, where Sir William took up his abode. He now paid frequent visits to the husbandmen of the neighbourhood. It may be scarcely credited, but the influence which he obtained over the agricultural laborers was not merely the result of his complacency.

He interlarded his conversation with stories of his Divine agency — affirmed himself to be the Redeemer, and that the eternal happiness and misery of mankind was at his direction. In conversing upon these topics he threw into his manner so much earnestness and wildness, that the ignorant audience, if they felt any doubt of his superhuman power, did not venture to express it. Whether at this time he entertained the projects which his partisans have declared he subsequently conceived is a matter of doubt — and it is much to be questioned whether he would have gone farther than proclaimed himself a Supreme Being, and have exacted implicit obedience from his misguided friends, had not some of the more respectable inhabitants of Boughton and the adjacent parishes, and also of Canterbury, become objects of his wrath from the persecutions and degradation he fancied he had received at their hands.

One of his hands had been lacerated years back by some accident, and he Converted the circumstance into a corroborative proof of his story. Me pointed out the scared wounds, and solemnly affirmed that they were the marks of the nails which pierced him when he suffered for their sins on the Cross. Another wound in his side he exhibited at times, as proceeding from the spear with which the Roman soldier thrust him. He pronounced himself invulnerable — neither sword nor gun-shot could injure him, and that he was two thousand years of age. That he could render all who believed and obeyed equally impervious to outward assault; and that if he permitted himself to be slain at any time it would only be to show that he could of himself rise again. Nor was this all; — one evening, when he was in the midst of his followers, and had been lecturing them upon spiritual subjects, he went to the door, and calling their attention to his movements, pointed out the north star. To convince the unbelieving, who had as yet seen none of his works, he said he would shoot the star with his pistol, and it should drop into the distant ocean, he accordingly fired, and his fanaticised audience stood in mute astonishment, and on recovering their breath, exclaimed they had seen it fall!

We could multiply these instances, but they are heartrending and sickening to the well-informed mind. We shall relate but one more, and this we shall do, because up to Saturday night his followers obstinately persisted in its belief. To introduce the incident here is somewhat out of the order of events, but as connected with the subject of our present paragraph, we append it. Previous to the conflict with the soldiers, Sir William stated to the persons who assembled round him at Bosenden farm, that if he fell in the engagement, some one must immediately pour water upon his lips. It would be an act of special grace for any one to be suffered thus to treat him, and would bring down heavenly blessings upon the favoured individual. The application of water to his lips at this important crisis, would preserve him from mortal death, and, he should rise up again and live amongst them, even though his body had been cut to pieces by his enemies. Sarah Culver, the daughter of the farmer at Bosenden, actually walked a distance of half a mile with a pail of water, which she poured on his lips and stanched his wounds with, as he lay dead on the field of carnage. His surviving followers remain firm in their expectation that as his behest was complied with, he will rise again, and appear a Saviour and a King amongst them, either on the third or seventh day.

Such was the enthusiastic and fanatic state, to which he had wrought the minds of upwards of one hundred persons previous to the day of his death.

We shall now trace his conduct from the Sunday which commenced the week of his outrages. He had won to his interests many, not merely labouring men, but small farmers — and persons doing well in the world. It has been said that his partizans were men suffering from the operations of the New Poor Law Act, and that their distresses drove them to acts of rebellion. This is not true. We cannot on inquiry find that a parish pauper was of this party. They were all in full employ. Wills, who seconded Courtenay with so much resolution at the fight, lived in a good house at Fairbrook, has property of his own, and farms a small portion of land. Wraight, who is killed, occupied sixty acres of land — eighteen of which were his own property — had a team of horses, and was doing prosperously. Foad was well off, and was much esteemed by his wealthy neighbours; and several, or nearly all, were in the employ of excellent masters, and had been so for a series of years.

On Sunday Courtenay visited Wills. In the afternoon he had tea at Kennett's, a labourer’s, at Dunkirk, at the foot of Boughton-hill. After tea he preached a sermon to a large party of his followers, one half of whom were women. On Monday he was in the neighbourhood of Boughton, and was met by small parties of labourers, with whom he conversed earnestly and shook hands. A numerous party of people of both sexes, visited him at Culver’s, at Bosenden, by invitation to tea on Monday evening.

On Tuesday morning, early, Courtenay met a party of fourteen or sixteen unarmed men, residents of Dunkirk, and proceeded at their head through Boughton, calling at Mrs. Palmer’s, a strong partizan, and other shops, and purchasing bread and cheese. They then marched to Wills's, at Fairbrook, from which place he sent for a pound of tobacco and beer for the men. Here the party regaled themselves for two or three hours, and several flocked to his standard. When at Boughton he was attired in a shooting jacket, but having mustered a company of determined and powerful men, to the number of between forty and fifty, he bedecked himself in the showy vestments with which he had aforetime imposed upon and deluded the citizens of Canterbury. His "gold"” chain and glittering orders were exposed, and his pistols and dirk were stuck in his belt.

They then proceeded to Graveney, and at a bean stack a loaf was broken asunder and placed on a pole. Thence they proceeded to Goodnestone, near Faversham, producing throughout the whole neighbourhood the greatest excitement, and adding to their numbers by the harangues occasionally delivered by this ill-fated madman. At this farm Courtenay proclaimed that he would "strike the bloody blow," and introduced a bundle of matches into the stack, but which fortunately did not ignite. It is uncertain whether he intended to fire the stack at that moment, to infuse terror in the neighbourhood, or whether his conduct was directed by a desire to show to his party that he should not hesitate to have recourse to the most outrageous acts to promote his views, and that he considered himself superior to mortal vengeance or human retribution. It is reported, that this and other stacks were to be lighted as a signal to confederates who had not yet joined his standard on the flag of defiance having been unfurled, and that all who did not wish to be victims of his desolating power, or who desired to aggrandize themselves by the ruin of others, must, at once, declare in his favour. Certain it is, that mysterious threats and imprecations were chalked on the walls and gates in the adjacent country, foretelling the arrival of a day of devastation and bloodshed, when the fire of the Lord should be kindled, and the enemies of godliness and the oppressor should meet with the just reward of the wicked. The Union workhouses were to be opened, and the inmates released, and the wails razed to the ground. Many of the active officers of justice were to be immolated — an instance of the cruelty to be proclaimed was witnessed by the murderous and barbarian like treatment received by the constable on the following Thursday — and the lands and possessions of the despoiled were to be distributed among his followers. Several of his active and zealous attendants were already, by promise, rich and great men. To some he had allotted farms — to others, treasures — and the rewards to all were to be measured by the daring and firmness they evinced to his cause. None appear to have questioned either his ability or right to rob, and destroy, and murder. He had in repeated instances exhibited his Divine origin, and it was not for them to dispute the behest of a man with whom, by an unaccountable fascination, they had leagued.

They next proceeded to a farm at Herne-hill, where Courtenay requested the inmates to feed his friends, which request was immediately complied with. Their next visit was at Dargate-common, where Sir Wm., taking off his shoes, said, "I now stand on my own bottom." By Sir William’s request his party went to prayers, and then proceeded to Bosenden-farm, where they supped, and slept that night.

On Wednesday morning the party left Bossenden. They had slept all night in a barn, where a guard had been kept over them to prevent intrusion. At three the band left the barn, and passing through Brighton, Ospringe, Greenstreet, Bapchild, went to Sittingbourne, and breakfasted at the "Wheat Sheaf." By Courtenay's orders all the men were armed with bludgeons; he himself being laden with pistols and a dirk. A white flag, bordered with blue, and bearing the device of a lion rampant, was borne in front of the procession. For the breakfast Courtenay paid 25s.; and shortly afterwards his party increased to nearly a hundred strong. From Sittingbourne they marched to Newnham, again partook of refreshment at the "George." Courtenay asking the labourers as they passed to join his ranks, — as he would provide them with provisions and money From thence they directed their course to Doddington and Eastling, over Throwley Forstall and Seldwich Lees, through Lord Sondes’ park to Sellinge, and rested in a chalk-pit belonging to Mr. Clackett, at Gushmer. Having stayed here two or three hours they formed its rank at the sound of a bugle, and proceeded back, passing at the foot of Boughton Hill, returned to Culver's house, at Bossenden. This round was a distance of about 30 miles readied Culver's at about five o'clock. They had now about sixty in company, who had supper at Culver's. A grey horse, on which Courtenay had figured at Canterbury during his better days, was led in front of the party by Tyler. The brute is a most vicious one, and none but Courtenay dared to mount him.

In the evening, at about nine o'clock, Mr. Curling, of Herne-hill, a respectable farmer, went from the "George Inn" at Boughton, to Culver's house, to inquire after some of his men, who had left his employ. On reaching Culver's house he was hailed by Sir William walking in the garden. He demanded, in a very authoritative tone, "What do you want?" Mr. Curling replied, "I'm looking after some men who have run away from my service." He rejoined, "We have none of them here and after a few more words Mr. C. left and returned to the "George."

The magistrates having granted a warrant to Mr Curling to apprehend his men, supposed to have joined Courtenay's party, he put it into the hands of Mears, the constable, who on Thursday morning proceeded to Culver's residence to execute it.

The circumstances attending to the death of the constable will be found in the report of the inquest on the body. We shall, therefore, make no further reference to the horrid and brutal murder here, but proceed to detail the occurrences which subsequently transpired. On the two assistants escaping, they applied to the magistrates for aid, which was promptly rendered. Courtenay had an interview with this force near the ozier bed and exchanged fires, and madly exposed himself to three shots returned to his men, and exclaimed, "You see, nothing can touch me I am proof against steel and bullet." The magistrates offered a reward for his capture but no one ventured on the dangerous undertaking. Expresses were sent to Canterbury for the military; and after considerable delay, a reinforcement arrived.

Courtenay had now left the ozier bed; his party carrying oak boughs over their shoulders, and proceeded to Mr. Francis's. Here he demanded gin and water for his men, but on the suggestion of Mrs. F. that beer was their more usual beverage, he desired they might be supplied with it. He took gin and water himself. After a long lapse, it was reported that the military were sent for and he drew off his men towards the woods, and took his station in a thick jungle. This position was admirably adapted for Guerilla warfare. They lay on the side of a gentle slope, hid in underwood of four or five years’ growth. In their front the base of the hollow was comparatively clear, only a few oak stems and low shrubs growing on it: whilst on each flank and behind him the wood was almost impervious. About a quarter of a mile in his rear was Culver's house. The men lad down in the brushwood, and the only sign of their temporary habitation was the occasional shaking of the boughs as they crept about to communicate orders.

From whatever cause Sir William chose this spot, he could not have selected one more easy of defence had he permitted his friends to use fire-arms. It is said he had aforetime had the place pointed out to him as where the Danes fought a sanguinary battle, and he intended it to become celebrated for the defeat of a military force by a body of unarmed peasantry. At two o’clock a division of the 45th marched into the dingle, accompanied by Dr Poore. N. Knatchbull, esq. W. H. Baldock. esq. R. Halford esq. and other gentlemen. The military formed a double line of fifty, extending across the bottom, and on the Church wood side of a rivulet dividing it from Bosenden, and within twenty or thirty yards from Courtenay’s band. Ten rounds of cartridge were served to each man and they were ordered to load. During this operation Sir William's party lay perfectly quiet, and whilst the soldiers were waiting for "the word." Courtenay thrusting his scimitar into the long grass, took up a bludgeon, and advanced towards them. At the same moment Lieut. Bennett advanced from the ranks, stepped over the rivulet, and in disobedience of the order of his superior officer to "fall back," still approached to Courtenay. It was at this moment he met his death. The tragic scene is related in the examination at the inquest.

We visited the spot on Saturday. It is a sweet, secluded and romantic glen — the hills mantled with luxuriant shrubs rising with a gentle ascent on all sides, the approach is by two roads each of which the military took. At the bottom of the glen the brushwood has been cleared away, and the view until the eye rises to the elevated ground is uninterrupted and picturesque — oak trees overtopping the copse at short distances throughout the whole extent. The long grass where Courtenay and his band were concealed is bent by the recumbent posture they assumed. The scene of the conflict is still more distinct. The grass as if in sympathy with those who so lately encumbered it with their inanimate and ghastly forms is dead or withering away. Pools of blood met the eye in various directions. The twigs of the saplings and the smaller branches of the underwood are split and riven by the bullets of the musquetry, and the stems of the oak show by their multifarious incisions how sharp and close was the firing. Where a few days ago the shouts of rebels and the report of deadly musquetry were heard - now nought only reached our ear but the gentle swelling of the zephyrs, and the melodious and shrill warblines of the woodland songstresses.

The conflict lasted but a few minutes. The fall of Mr. Bennett was the signal for a general assault by the military, and Courtenay fell next by a ball which penetrated his left shoulder. He fired a second pistol, but whether it took effect has not been yet ascertained. His attack was resolutely supported by his followers, who abetted him with a daring and determination worthy a better cause. On seeing their leader fall they fought desperately, and, notwithstanding the deadly weapons with which they were assailed, they rushed forward to the muzzles of the guns, and attempted to beat them down or to wrest them away. The steady fire of the soldiery however, was too effective, and after seven of the party had been stretched dead on the field, and a greater number wounded, they took to flight.

The soldiers immediately ceased to fire, and the special constables, lushing forward, made several of the band prisoners. The dead were picked up and laid alongside the bank of the rivulet, and the wounded were conveyed, with all imaginable speed, to Boughton.

Courtenay was attired in a mackintosh, with abroad leathern-belt — wore thick overalls on his trousers — had a yellow handkerchief round his neck, and a white straw-hat. His beard and his hair was long, and several of his followers were allowing their beards to grow after his example.

Of the civil force one only was killed, and whether by Courtenay's second pistol, or by a musket-shot, is not ascertained. His name is George Catt, He lived at Faversham, and kept a beer-shop. He was a powerful man, and was supposed to be rushing towards Courtenay, when the shot passed through his head and killed him instanteously.

Several of the military were bruised with the bludgeons, but Lieut. Bennett was the only one shot. This young officer had seen some service in the Burmese war; where, it is said, he distinguished himself. He had only lately obtained his lieutenancy, and a few days before his death had returned to the regiment on the expiration of a leave of absence. His father is an unattached officer, living in Ireland. The company to which he was attached was not ordered on the mournful duty, but he volunteered his services, and strongly pressed for permission to be of the party. We know not with what truth, but it is reported, that one of his brother-officers remonstrated very strongly with him against going on the expedition, because he had dreamed that he (the Lieutenant) had been shot.

The body of the officer was conveyed by the soldiers to the "Red Lion," and the bodies of Courtenay and his comrades were carried to the same place, and laid in the stable. On the following day a cast was made by an Italian tarrying in Canterbury of Courtenay’s head, when his fine flowing beard and glossy locks were shaven off.

The body was afterward removed to the house, where it underwent a post mortem examination. The medical gentlemen gave the following report of his wound.

The ball entered in front of the joint of the left shoulder passed along under the collar bone, fracturing the first rib, then through the upper part of the left lung, through the spine, crushing the second dorsal vertebrae, through the right lung fracturing the second rib on the right side of he chest. Here the ball took a backward and downward direction, making its escape from the back just below the right shoulder-blade.

There was a quantity of extravasated blood on the head above the forehead supposed to be occasioned by

the blow struck by Milgate. He had also a bayonet-would on the cheek and a slight abrasure of the skin on the left hand. His skin was delicately fair, his body very muscular, and his hands and feet particularly small. There was a great thickness of fat on the internal parts of the body, and his heart was unusually large. After being deprived of his hair, it was difficult to recognize any of his features. Such was the anxiety to possess something belonging to Courtenay, that his beard was clipped, and the buttons torn from his clothes, and his shirt nearly stripped from his back before he was conveyed off the field of battle.

There was nothing very remarkable in the other bodies. They were clothed in husbandmen's attire, and their features gave no clue of the agony they must have suffered for the few moments some of them survived their deathblow.

The body of Lieutenant Bennett lay at the public-house until the next evening, when it was conveyed in a hearse to the Canterbury barracks. His fate is universally lamented. He was a very fine-looking young man, and an only son. He has died with the reputation of having been an excellent officer and a perfect gentleman. The shot which killed him made but a slight puncture in entering his right side, but created a dreadful laceration in passing out on his left. To look upon his body and behold it penetrated by the mortal wound by which he died, and perceiving also that the wretches who had murdered him had, in the rage of the moment, inflicted a severe blow upon his left temple, one was inclined in grief and agony, to heap curses on their heads. By this selfish and base outrage they brought death to many of the ignorant, murdered so brave and kind-hearted a gentleman as Lieut. Bennett, and entailed misery upon his family, his connexions, his brother officers, and upon every one who was acquainted with him.

Another man was discovered in the woods on Saturday. He was wounded by a bullet, which passed thro’ his throat and out of his mouth. Three men were reported as found on Sunday; two of them dead. Baker died on Saturday. Thirty one of the band resided at Herne hill. Several of the party are still missing; and their friends are scouring the woods in search of them.

Various causes will be assigned for this riot, and the rioters were not all actuated by the same motive. That some of the poor wretches believed Toms, alias Courtenay, to be Jesus Christ, there is no doubt whatever; numerous instances can be furnished to prove it; nor is it at all doubtful but that revolution, or rather the war of the poor against the rich, to obtain by force a share of their property, influenced others — and this feeling is deeper-seated amongst the agricultural population than many persons are disposed to believe. The prevailing sin of ingratitude was never more strongly exemplified than in the threatened murder of the bailiff, at Dargate, who, for a great length of time, has paid the labourers good wages, and has always been ready to recommend an addition to the price of piece-work agreed on, if the job proved a hard one. In cases of sickness, or when the men were otherwise prevented from working, he was always ready to plead their cause and describe their necessities: and yet these very men not only knew of Toms intention to murder him, for having declared him to be an impostor and madman, and for endeavouring to dissuade them from this delusion, but actually stood in deliberation (within sight of him), as to the fittest time for Toms to execute his purpose and to destroy the premises.

The eloquence of the madman was captivating, and many who heard him have declared that they were nearly carried away by it, against the conviction of their reason.

It is a fact that Nicholas Mears, the man who was murdered by Courtenay, was so strongly impressed with the certainty that Courtenay would kill the first who should attempt to take him, that when he and his brother were proceeding to the fatal spot, he said to his brother:— "It is certain one of us must die in this attempt; which shall it be:" and then almost immediately said, — "It shall be me — I shall not leave any children." He also bade an affectionate farewell to his wife in the morning, and said he did not like the business he was going on, and that he would rather go anywhere else.

It is known by the friends of George Catt, that it was his intention to have pinioned Courtenay — and that it was in pursuance of such intention that he availed himself of the opportunity of rushing at Courtenay the instant he had fired his pistol, and thus exposed himself to the fire of the soldiers. It is eagerness and intrepidity had been previously noticed by the magistrates, and which, most likely, accounts for his being described in the papers as a constable.

Twenty-five of the prisoners were confined in Faversham gaol on Friday night, fourteen of which remained until Monday.

On Saturday, late in the evening, two country youths found a haversack, belonging to Courtenay. There was in it a pistol heavily loaded, a small hatchet or tomahawk, and other articles. It was lying a distance of forty rods from the scene of action. The pistol, with which he killed the officer, has not yet been produced. On Sunday thousands of people visited the scene of action, and it was reported that two bodies and a wounded man had been discovered. There are still five or six missing. Of those engaged, thirty-one were Herne-hill men.

Previous to Mears’ death Courtney addressed his men at Culver’s, and said to them, "This is the day of judgment — this is the first day of the Millennium — and this day I will put the crown on my head. Behold, a greater than Sampson is with you! If any of you wish to go home, you may have my permission to go; but, if you desert me, I will follow you to the furthermost part of hell, and invoke fire and brimstone from heaven upon you!"

During the whole period of the inquiry, the village of Boughton was in the highest state of excitement and bustle. On Thursday a detachment of military were present as guards over the prisoners. Vehicles of every description, and from all parts, were rapidly passing to and fro; the connexions of the deceased' were lamenting their untimely end, and constables and specials were in attendance, bruised, maimed, and bleeding.

The attendance of reporters for the press, from London, Canterbury, and other places, was very numerous, and the utmost attention was paid to their accommodation both by the magistrates and the coroner.

Sir Edward Knatchbull, one of the county representatives, attended the inquest on Saturday; and afterwards swore in a large body of special constables. Several thousands of persons visited the scene of action on Sunday.

The tragic affair has been brought before both houses of Parliament; in the lords by the Earl of Winchelsea, and in the Commons, by Mr. Plumptre.

The following lines are said to have been found in Courtenay's pocket. They are in a female hand:—

"Is it a delusion? No, its peace I hear

"As yet welcome sweet guest

"A passing spiriet softly wispers

"Him safe from harm—and when

"The loud clash of War’s alarm attacks

"Him and boasts the tyrants proudly

"Round him still his manly heart

"Shall know no fear—

"Then sink not oh! my soul nor

"Yeald to sad despair, the cause is

"Great that calls thy Lord away

"A sinking spiriet and a silint

"Tear but ill becomes the child

"Who from the bonds of Satann

"May go free."

INQUEST ON MEARS, THE CONSTABLE.

On Friday morning. Mr. DeLasaux, the Conner, held an inquest on the body of Nicholas Mears. The Magistrates present were — Rev. Dr. Poore, N. Knatchbull, Esq., and W. H. Buldock, Esq.

The first witness was John Mears, brother of the deceased. He said, I am a constable of Boughton, and yesterday morning I went to Bosenden to execute three warrants, to apprehend William Courtenay, alias Toms, William Wills, and William Griggs. I went in company of the deceased and Daniel Edwards to Culver’s house. Saw William Price, William Burford, Thomas Mears, alias Tyler, and several others. As he approached near to the house he saw Courtenay. Heard some one say "Is that them," but heard no answer. Courtenay approached, and asked who was the constable, and his (witness’s) brother said "I am." Courtenay put his hand forward, and presenting a Pistol, fired it, and shot him. Courtenay then struck at witness with a dagger, but he fell back and escaped. Deceased said "oh dear!" and held himself up by the hedge for a few moments. Courtenay in running after witness stumbled, and that circumstance witness escaped. Edwards was with him; there was a crowd of ten, fifteen, or twenty persons present. He (witness) then went to Faversham, and obtained warrants against William Courtenay alias John Toms, and the others named. He could not recognize more. He then went to the Magistrates for assistance to apprehend the parties. Dr. Poore and Norton Knatchbull, Esq., with a great body of persons, accompanied him back to the place. They went to Fairbrook field, where they understood the party had assembled. He could here only recognize Courtenay, who had forty or fifty persons with him armed with bludgeons.

In answer to a question by Dr. Poore:— Saw to flag.

Re-examination continued:— Saw Major Handley, and his brother, the Rev. Mr. Handley, pass near the spot at which the rioters had assembled by the ozier bed. Courtenay presented a pistol or something at them; he heard a report, and saw a flash from it. The murder of his brother was committed in the early part of the morning, about six o’clock. Saw William Wills at the ozier bed, and Tyler also. Had not seen Wills in the morning. Will is a labouring man: there was nothing in his hand. Tyler had a bludgeon. They followed the party to the tile-kiln leading towards Bosenden. He (witness) went to the "Old Red Lion" public house on the turnpike road, and there met a body of soldiers. Courtenay’s men walked in procession in military order, under the direction of Courtenay, and formed to the sound of bugle. They marched towards Mr. Francis’s house. Could not see if they went into the house. They turned round the woods into Bosenden, to which place witness accompanied Mr. Knatchbull and the soldiers. There was about fifty soldiers up the lane. The Magistrates divided themselves among the companies of soldiers. As they proceeded up the lane they heard a noise in the woods, and immediately turned up a pathway leading through. Having proceeded nearly half a mile they saw a body of men. Could distinguish Courtenay, the two Wraights (the elder of which is dead), Alexander Foad, Thos. Tyler or Mears, William Wills, George Branchard, William Rye, — Spratt, Edward Curling, Phineas Harvey, William Burford, and ---- Griggs. Witness did not recognize any others. Courtenay had a pistol in his right hand. One of the military officers approached to arrest Courtenay, who beckoned to his men, and said "Come on." Sir William presented the pistol, and immediately fired at the officer and killed him. The officer, as he was falling, appeared to strike at him with his sword. They were not a stride apart, when the pistol was fired it almost touched the officer. The sword struck Courtenay on the head. Heard an order given for the military to fire, which they did. Wills was very active in assisting and defending Courtenay. He had a bludgeon in his hand, with which he struck about him. The whole party came forward after the firing, and attacked the soldiers and the civil force violently and with resolution.

By Dr. Poore:— I heard Courtenay say to his men, "Follow me close," or something to that effect.

Examination continued:— The men rushed forward, and on the soldiers firing Courtenay and some others of the party fell.

By Dr. Poore:— The officer fell before the soldiers fired.

Examination continued:— Courtenay and some were killed on the spot, and others seriously wounded. The confusion lasted a considerable time, and several were taken into custody. The soldiers continued to fire until the rioters desisted from attacking them. The officers gave the signal to cease firing, which the soldiers did immediately.

Daniel Edwards examined:— I live at Boughton; am a labourer, and one of the Petty Constables of the Hundred. I accompanied Mears, by his direction, on Thursday morning to Bossenden, to execute some warrants. When we got there I saw Wm. Price, Wm. Burford, Thos. Mears or Tyler: they had large sticks or bludgeons of flayed oak, with nobs. Saw Courtenay come out of Culver’s house at Bossenden; he crossed a style which is near the house, and advanced towards us. He asked "Who is the constable?" Nicholas Mears (the deceased) said "I be." Courtenay went to him, holding a pistol in his right hand, and a dagger in his left. He presented the pistol at the deceased, and shot him. Deceased hung a little while by the railing of the hedge, and then fell to the ground. Courtenay then took the dagger into his right hand, and struck at the last witness, who escaped from the blow. Courtenay then returned to Culver’s house. He came out again. Nicholas Mears said, "Oh dear, what must I do; must I lay here in this dishabille." Courtenay answered, "You must do the best you can." He approached him, and taking his dagger from his left side with his right hand, struck him three times across the shoulder with it. I then ran away myself. I was distant from him about three parts of a rod when this took place. Tyler nodded his head to me to run another way when Courtenay was running after the last witness. We were about a rod from the house when Courtenay came up to us. On my retreating towards the woods I looked round, and saw Courtenay still striking the deceased with his dagger; and on my reaching the wood I heard the report of a pistol from that direction. I continued to walk through the woods, and reached Nash Court, when I again saw Mears the constable, and accompanied him to Faversham. We returned to the ozier bed. I saw Courtenay and the three persons before named, and others whom I should know if I saw them. The men were in the ozier bed. Heard the report of a pistol, and was told by some gentlemen to get my gun. I was close by my own house. Heard a horn sounded, and the men formed themselves info marching order. They past my house towards Mr. Francis's. I went home, and saw no more till after the fight. Miss Jane Horn was standing in my garden when the men passed, but I did not hear any conversation pass between her and any of the party.

The prisoners, to the number of three-and-twenty, were then passed before the witness to identify them. He recognized two besides those named — William Nutting and William Price.

Rev. Mr. Handley examined.— I reside at Hernhill. I first saw eleven or twelve of the rioters proceeding from the direction of Mr. Francis’s house towards the osier bed I was in company of my brother. We rode up to the rioters. I saw Courtenay leave his party, and advance to another body - some short distance from the bed. He addressed them, and I could distinctly hear the word "cowards" repeated. I approached the rioters, and exhorted them to leave Courtenay, who was guilty of the murder of one of their neighbours, and told them that they were guilty of high crimes and misdemeanours, and bringing themselves into great trouble, or words to that effect. Courtenay returned from the other party, which it afterwards appeared were the civil force, whom he invited to attack him; and addressing himself to my brother (Major Handley) or myself, said, "I will plant a bullet in your breast, sir!"

By a juror:- I was twenty-five or thirty yards from Courtenay at this time.

Examination resumed:— Major Handley replied, "You are a madman;" and Courtenay fired a pistol at the Major. Major H. then said, "I wish to parley with you and your men." Courtenay turned round, with an insulting movement of the hand, treating the offer with contempt. The Major then spoke to the men, and told them they were guilty of high treason. I addressed them to the same effect. We then joined Mr. Norton Knatchbull’s force. I shortly afterwards saw Courtenay and his party proceed towards Mr. Francis’s house; they passed me within about twenty yards, in single file, Courtenay directing them. I recognised six men by name, and one personally. They were — William Knight, Thomas Mears or Tyler, E. Wraight the elder, Edward Curling, Noah Miles, Charles Hadlow, and a youth named Hadlow, whose Christian name I did not know. I called them by their names, and asked them to leave the party. I said to Noah Miles, "Have you any regard for your family?" He said, "I have a regard for my family." I spoke also to Hadlow and Wraight. From what I saw of the desperate and resolute conduct of the men, I considered it necessary that the military should be called in. It would have been imprudent in the magistrates to advance against them with only the civil force; they were not sufficiently strong to quell the disturbance, nor to have apprehended Courtenay and those against whom the warrant was issued.

Mr. Charles Neame, of Selling, yeoman:— I know Noah Miles; I saw him with Courtenay’s party at the end of Nash Court-lane. He had left the party immediately after Mr. Handley had addressed them; he said he was tired of the party, which was then entering the wood. Miles’s son left with him. I am fully satisfied the civil power was insufficient to quell the disturbance; it could not have withstood the force and desperation of the attacks. There would undoubtedly have been much more bloodshed had not the military been called upon to interpose. I am confirmed in this opinion by the bold bearing of the rioters after the fall of Courtenay.

John Ogilvie, surgeon, of Boughton, had, with the assistance of Mr. Andrews, of Canterbury, examined the body. They found a gun-shot wound; the ball had entered at the seventh vertebrae, and came out at the breast, at the seventh rib. In its course it had passed through the liver, wounding the great vessels and nerves and causing death. Another gun-shot entered the breast above the ninth rib, and lodged in the body, but after the most careful examination it could not be found. There was a wound also on the left shoulder, made by a sharp instrument, which had fractured the neck of the bladebone; it was about two inches in length, and one deep. There was also a slight wound on the left arm. Either of the gun-shot wounds would have caused death.

The evidence having been brought to a close, the Coroner proceeded to sum up. All those persons that were in company with the man who fired were equally guilty with the murderer. Although the hand of Courtenay was proved to have been the one by which death was occasioned, all those persons who were sworn to as being seen in his company namely, W. Price, A. Foad, William Nutting, T. Mears, and W. Burford, were equally guilty of the offence with Courtenay. Murder had been defined to be that of a person of sound memory and discretion unlawfully killing n fellow creature. The jury were not to inquire to-day whether the party committing this offence was of sound mind. That would be left for trial by another Court.

After a few other observations, the jury consulted a few moments, and returned a verdict of "Wilful murder against William Courtenay, alias Tom, William Burford, Thomas Mears, alias Tyler, Alexander Foad, Wm. Nutting, and William Price." After which, the Coroner issued his warrant, and the four survivors, Foad, Nutting, Mears, and Price, were conveyed to Maidstone gaol, to take their trial at the next assizes.

INQUEST ON LIEUTENANT BENNETT OF THE 45th REGIMENT. SATURDAY.

Elliott Armstrong, Major of the 45th Infantry, was first called. He said, in pursuance of an order from my commanding officers to place myself under the direction of Dr. Poore and other magistrates, I attended from the barracks at Canterbury, and proceeded on the London road about four miles, to the "Red Lion" public-house, at Boughton. This was on Thursday the 31st of May, at ten o'clock. A body of troops, consisting of 100 men, accompanied me, with a proportion of officers and non-commissioned officers. On reaching the "Red Lion" I met Dr. Poore, Mr. Knatchbull, and other magistrates. By their directions I left the London road, and divided my party into two divisions, — the deceased, Lieut. Henry Bosworth Bennett, accompanying one division, with Captain Reed at their head, attended by N. Knatchbull, Esq.; I left the road some distance higher up with the other division. I proceeded with Dr. Poore about a mile-and-a-half into the centre of the jungle. When there, a man in front of us, answering the description of Courtenay, got up out of the jungle, at the head of a number of others, and I had just given my men orders to load with ball-cartridge, when I saw the deceased, Lieut. Bennett, come up on the left flank of us, facing Courtenay and his men, who were on my right flank. Courtenay’s men had a white flag with them; I imagined it a flag of truce, and seeing the men advance and Major Handley coming to me and saying they were coming to parley, I advanced to meet them. Major Handley called out "You deluded and misguided men, are you coming to reason with us." Courtenay made no answer; but, taking off his hat, turned round to his party, and said "Follow me." During this time deceased was advancing rapidly towards Courtenay, and Courtenay quickened his pace towards him. I called out "Fall back, Bennett, fall back," but being not more than four yards from Courtenay he did not do so. Courtenay and Bennett nearly closed, and almost rushed against one another. Lieutenant Bennett raised his right arm and was about to strike at Courtenay with his sword, when he (Courtenay) advanced with his pistol in his right hand, ready cocked, and fired. The blow from the sword and the pistol took effect at the same time. Lieut. Bennett made another blow or two; he raised his left hand and immediately fell. I then asked Dr. Poore if I was to fire, but from the scream of horror of my men at seeing Bennett fall I could not distinctly hear his answer, but I imagined it was in the affirmative. I gave directions to fire with ball, and to take Courtenay and any of his party dead or alive, and the men did so. Courtenay and several of his men fell. The remainder made a rush on the soldiers, who had formed into one division under my command. Courtenay’s men made the attack very resolutely with bludgeons. I never witnessed more determination in my life; so much so that I was obliged to order my men to charge with the bayonet to take them prisoners. This was soon accomplished, and I then ordered the bugle to sound for the firing to cease, which it did immediately. I gave the prisoners we had captured into the charge of the constables. In consequence of the violent attack made by the mob with their bludgeons several of my men were wounded, many seriously; particularly Lieutenant Prendergast, who was knocked down by a bludgeon and severely beaten. I consider the civil power could not have subdued the mob without the aid of the military. I distinctly heard the report of two pistols from Courtenay’s party; and I firmly believe both were fired by Courtenay. I firmly believe that the constable, Catt, was killed by the second pistol; and the more so because I believe him to have been out of the line of the soldiers fire when he fell. I can identify as being present William Wills, Stephen Baker, Thomas Griggs, and George Branchett. I never saw a more furious or mad-like determination in my life than I witnessed in the attack by Courtenay’s party.

The Rev. John Poore, D.D. of Murston, Sittingbourne, examined:— On Thursday morning last, in consequence of the riotous proceedings of a person calling himself Courtenay, and others, and of their desperate conduct in shooting a constable named Mears, in the execution of his duty, and considering it impracticable for the civil power, unaided by the military, to arrest them, I applied to the commanding officer of the 45th regiment of Foot, quartered at Canterbury barracks, for their co-operation. The military were some time before they arrived. I proceeded towards Canterbury to meet them, and met them near the "Gate" public-house. I immediately communicated to Major Armstrong the desperate conduct of the party; expressed my opinion that, whoever came first into contact with Courtenay would be shot, and said he must be taken, dead or alive, and his party dispersed; and that I hoped it would be done without effusion of blood. The witness then described the division of the troops as stated by the major. He (witness) accompanied one division down the Barn road leading into Blean Wood. After proceeding a mile and a half further we received information, on which Major Armstrong halted, and asked me if the soldiers should load. I said "certainly;" and the order was given to that effect. The cartridges were tied in bundles, and were not ready for immediate use; and this circumstance occasioned a slight delay. I then observed Courtenay, and about forty or fifty men with him. They had a white flag near the front, and Courtenay was at the head, with a pistol in his right hand. He called out to his men, "Boys, come forward, and don’t behave like dastardly cowards," or similar words. At this time Major Handley rode forward and called to Courtenay's followers— "Good men, he is deceiving and deluding you — he is leading you to destruction; are you open to reason," — or words to that effect. Immediately afterwards I saw the deceased (Lieutenant Bennett) close by Courtenay. I heard the sound of a pistol, and the deceased fell. I then heard Major Armstrong call to me, "Dr. Poore, where are you?" I ran towards him, and the troops began firing. The result was that Courtenay and several of his party were shot, and others taken prisoners. I saw Courtenay’s party attack the constables and soldiers. I saw Wills attack and strike Major Armstrong with a bludgeon. When the riot was quelled, I took down upon the spot the names of the following parties, who were either dead, wounded, or taken prisoners. Killed on the spot — William Courtenay, Edward Wraight, Pheneas Harvey, George Branchett, William Burford, William Forster, George Griggs, and William Rye. Wounded taken prisoners — Stephen Baker, Henry Hadlow, Alexander Foad, and Thomas Griggs. The other prisoners were, Edward Wraight, John Edward Curling, and Sarah Culver.

Thomas Milgate, a coach porter, of Canterbury, examined:— On the 31st of May I went towards a wood called the Blean, and observed several gentlemen on horseback. They said it would be as well to watch the movements of Courtenay’s party to prevent their escape. In consequence of this I accompanied Robert Little, the Superintendent of Police of Faversham, and proceeded a short distance into the wood, and then separated, I taking the extreme left of the party. Having gone a quarter of a mile I came directly upon them. I saw about forty lying down in a circle, Courtenay being in the centre, with a flag planted near him. When I was observed Courtenay started from the ground, and said, "Up, men." He held a pistol in his right hand, and said to me, "Move no further." Two other young men with me retreated into the woods, hallowing all the time as loud as we could. Mr. Little and others then joined us. We remained quiet for some time, expecting the soldiers to come in behind us. A body of soldiers did come in front of us, and drew up in a line. Courtenay’s party laid down after I left, but on seeing the military they all rose again. Courtenay said something to them, but I could not hear it. Courtenay faced the military, and his men then marched one by one towards the troops. I saw Lieut. Bennett at the extreme left of the troops, and Courtenay and he advanced towards each other. Courtenay turned towards his men, and they approached and formed nearly a circle round the two. Some gentlemen then rode forward, and begged of Courtenay and his party to desist, and not lead the poor men on to destruction; they made no reply, but Courtenay said to his men, "Come on, my brave fellows; keep close." The men not coming on so quick as he wished, he again said. "Come on, my men," apparently in a passion. I got nearer the officer, and the officer got nearer to Courtenay. When about two rods from the officer Courtenay ran and sprang over a stump of a tree towards the officer, and going up close to him with a pistol in his right hand, and a bludgeon in his left, he placed the pistol close to the officer's body and fired. The officer immediately struck at Courtenay with his sword, and Courtenay staggered; but whether struck, or to avoid the blow, I cannot say. The officer staggering, several of Courtenay’s men struck at him as he was falling. I recollect Wills as next to Courtenay. I, and one of the men before mentioned, who is dead (Catt), stepped forward, and with a bludgeon given me by a Mr. Pell, struck Courtenay on the head. He staggered back, but whether he fell I can’t say, as I was knocked down directly. I saw Courtenay standing just above me; the guns began firing, and Courtenay was shot and fell down close by me. He was, just before shot, fighting with Little and others. I was again violently struck with a bludgeon, partly on my thumb and partly on my bludgeon. I got up, and the man who struck me ran away. I cannot swear to him. When I got up I saw two men coming towards me. I seized one of them, and the other Mr. Little took. The rioters were soon after dispersed.

Edmund Foreman, of Hernehill, a wheelwright, having been examined, Bartlett Allen Chambers was called. He is a constable of Faversham, and took John Silk into custody. He received a gun-shot wound while taking him.

Robert Little examined:— I reside at Ospringe, in the parish of Faversham, and am superintendent of the police. I saw Edward Wraight, jun. and Alexander Foad in Bossenden-wood; took them into custody. Foad was wounded in the mouth while fighting with me. I saw Sarah Culver in the wood, and sitting with Courtenay in the circle, with the flag between them. I know her by her bonnet. When the affray was over, I said to the constable that was with me, "There is a woman in the wood — don’t let her go." After the officer was shot I ran into the centre of the mob, and struck down Edward Wraight. Edward Curling struck at me, and so did Alexander Foad. William Wills I captured, with a flask, now produced, full of powder. John Spratt and Thomas Tyler Mears acted with great violence. William Wills had a pistol in his right hand as he entered the wood at Tile-hill, near Boughton-hill.

Thomas Andrews examined:— Is a surgeon, residing at Canterbury. Examined the body of Lieutenant Bennett, assisted by Mr. Ogilvie. Found a gun-shot wound on the right side of the chest, passing through the right lung, running completely through the heart, and making its exit on the opposite side of the body. The wound caused instantaneous death.

Benjamin Jacobs examined:— Resides in St. Peter’s-lane, Canterbury, and is a general dealer. Went into Bossenden-wood on the morning of the 1st of June (Friday), at ten minutes past seven, and near the spot of the riot found the following articles, produced:— A brown camlet cloak, lined with green baize; then a blue bag, containing nearly two hundred matches; a leather bag, containing about 140 leaden balls of different sizes; a piece of oilskin; a pair of boots, maker’s name, "Goldsmith, Watling-street, Canterbury, 1834;" a Mackintosh cape; a flannel jacket; and an old newspaper — the Evening Mail of July 29, 1831.

William Exton examined:— Early on the same morning I found in the wood a leather pistol case, with hare-skin flap; one cotton glove, a blue jacket, a waistcoat, two short gaberdines, and a burning lens in a tin case.

John Ogilvie, surgeon:— Resides at Boughton. Corroborated the testimony of Mr. Andrews.

Some doubts were raised as to the woman Culver being in the midst of the party, and Milgate and Little were again questioned. Milgate did not see her.

The Coroner summed up in a few words, having laid down clearly yesterday the points for the consideration of the jury. They would bear in mind that it was sufficient for their verdict that the parties before them should have been proved to be present with this deluded and deluding madman. With respect to the woman Culver there might be some doubt, it appearing that a woman was there, and her name might have been Burford.

The jury retired for a short time, and on their return the foreman pronounced a verdict of wilful murder against William Courtenay alias Toms (dead), Edward Wraight the elder (dead), Edward Wraight the younger, Thomas Mears alias Tyler, James Goodwin, William Wills, Win. Forster, Henry Adlow, Alexander Foad, Phineas Harvey, John Spratt, Stephen Baker, William Burford, Thomas Griggs, John Silk, George Branchett, Edward Curling, George Griggs, and Win. Rye. — Sarah Culver, Wm. Spratt, and Samuel Eve, they did not consider sufficiently identified, and they were detained in custody to answer the general charge of misdemeanour.

FUNERAL OF LIEUT. BENNETT.

At five o’clock on Saturday afternoon the burial of this lamented officer took place at the Cathedral. The avenues leading to the place of interment were thronged with spectators, who appeared to sympathise in the dejection and sorrow which marked the countenances of the soldiery. The procession was headed by the light company, carrying their arms reversed, followed by the band, the drums muffled, and playing solemn dirges. The undertakers, Messrs. Bellingham and Mr. Kelson, builder, walked next, and preceded the coffin, which was covered with black cloth, six of the deceased's brother officers bearing the pall. The chief mourner, Lieutenant Colonel Boys, walking behind, closely followed by the rest of the officers of the regiment. The remainder of the 45th followed without their fire-arms. The procession entered the south western entrance of the cathedral, proceeded up the centre aisle of the choir, and through the sanctuary into the cloisters. On entering the sacred edifice several of the prebendaries and minor canons met the body, and the Rev. W. F. Baylay read, with much solemnity, the beautiful funeral service. The grave was on the southeast side of the cloisters, and the coffin having been lowered into the silent tomb and the service concluded, the light company fired three times over the grave. The soldiers then retired in the same form as they entered, and marched back to the barracks — the band playing military airs. The cathedral was thronged to excess, but the utmost order prevailed, — every one being impressed with the awfully tragic end of the lamented deceased.

MONDAY (YESTERDAY), June 4.

INQUEST ON GEORGE CATT.

Before entering into this melancholy catastrophe, Mr. Shepherd, at the opening of the Court, addressed the jury in the following terms:— "Gentlemen, — I produce a letter to the jury, directed to one of the magistrates, General Gosling, Ospringe, Kent, who is absent; but his son opened it and forwarded it to me. I mention this, that it may go forth to the public."

(copy).

24, Marshal Street, Golden Square, June 2, 1838.

Sir, — Having seen, through the medium of the public papers, an account of the fatal riot near Canterbury, I beg to state that I know well the person assuming the name of Sir William Courtenay, and that his real name it John Tom, a native of the town of St. Columb Major, in Cornwall; and that I also knew his family, having been brought up in the same town. — I am, Sir, your’s most obediently, G. B. ROGERS.

"I also beg to state that on Saturday evening a bundle was brought to me — viz. a leathern wallet containing a laden brass blunderbuss, a pistol laden with ball, a hog knife, sharp, and ground up fresh, a hatchet, also recently ground, a large bundle of matches, a flute, a jacket, a bible, a bundle of string, a perfectly new belt for a brace of pistols, a cavalry sword with sharp edge, and a pistol case.

The Coroner then proceeded to examine evidence touching Catt’s death.

Stephen Champ, a labourer, residing in St. Mildred’s, Canterbury, was first called. He said — I saw the deceased, George Catt, in Bossenden-wood, acting as constable, on Thursday, the 31st of May. Saw Lieutenant Bennett in front of his detachment; he went up and met Courtenay; Courtenay was advancing to Bennett. Some words were spoken by Lieutenant Bennett, but I did not hear them; they were addressed to Courtenay. Saw Courtenay lift his hand and fire the pistol. Heard the shot; they were quite close. The Lieutenant fell directly. Lieutenant Bennett had a sword in his hand. He did not strike any one else; if he had struck any body else, I was close enough to him, and must have seen him do it. There was no person within the reach of Bennett but Courtenay. Lieut. Bennett was the first man who fell. None of Courtenay’s men were near to Bennett before he fell. Catt was at his (the officer’s) right hand, and I think the soldiers shot him by accident.

Thomas Millgate examined:— Is a coach porter, residing at Canterbury. Saw Lieut. Bennett in Bossenden wood on the 31st of May advance towards Courtenay. Courtenay was advancing rapidly towards Bennett, and when within two strides of him presented a pistol with his right hand and shot him, he staggered, striking at Courtenay, and then fell. Bennett did not strike any body before he fell. None of Courtenay’s people were near enough for Bennett to strike them. Courtenay was scarcely near enough for the sword to reach him; and Courtenay was half-a-rod in advance of his followers. Saw Catt after he was dead. I consider he was shot by the soldiers, from the position in which he was running. I believe him to have been shot by accident.

Question by the Coroner:— If any body was to come before me to-day, and say that Bennett had run a man (one of the mob), through the body before he fell or was shot, should you think he was telling the truth or not?

I should consider he would perjure himself if he did so.

I did not hear more than one report of pistols from Courtenay’s party.

John Ogilvie explained the nature of the wound, which is much larger than either Mears or Bennett’s.

[This answer was elicited to do away with the impression of Catt’s having been shot by Courtenay, and not by the military].

Henry Ashbee, Colking Farm, parish of Boughton, yeoman, examined:— Was in Bossenden wood on 31st May. Saw the commencement of the affray. Saw the mob headed by a person calling himself Courtenay. Saw the officer that was killed there; he was leading a detachment of soldiers. Saw him leave the soldiers and advance towards the mob. Saw Courtenay come forward towards the officer. He said to his men, "Come on my men, prove yourselves men, and not cowards!" He was, at this time, leading them in a contrary direction to Bennett. Shortly afterwards Courtenay approached Bennett. He appeared to have a pistol in his left hand — at least, this is my opinion. He had a light stick in his right-hand. I mean a white stick, a club. I am certain that the bludgeon was in his right hand, as he flourished it over his head. When the pistol went off it appeared to go over Bennett’s head. Bennett, as Courtenay came up, struck at Courtenay with his sword; but very faintly. Bennett appeared to endeavour to strike up Courtenay’s pistol, and in doing so overshot himself, and the sword went up in the air, and fell faintly over his shoulder. Bennett was surrounded by the mob immediately, and my opinion is that Courtenay’s pistol missed Bennett, and that one of his people rushed forward and shot him just as he was about to strike Courtenay. I was within ten paces of Courtenay. No one was near enough of Courtenay’s party to be reached by a sword in the hands of Bennett. Catt was, undoubtedly, shot accidentally.

Mr. Ashbee said that Milgate was mistaken in saying he struck Courtenay, as he considered that Milgate was not nearer at any time to Courtenay than three paces.

Thomas Andrews, surgeon, &c. corroborated Mr. Ogilvie’s statement. The deceased was shot by a musket-ball, and not a pistol, as his wound was much larger than either Mear’s or Bennett’s; and unless the pistol was close to his mouth, it could not have made so large a hole as a musket.

The Coroner left it to the jury to decide the point at issue. They returned the following verdict — "We unanimously consider George Catt was shot by the military by accident, while in the execution of their duty."

An extraordinary scene was witnessed by the appearance of Mr. Church, surgeon, of Sittingbourne, who stated he considered Lieutenant Bennett struck one of Courtenay’s party before he (Mr. B.) received his death wound.

The Jury found a verdict of Justifiable Homicide in the cases of nine of the Courtenay party, who died from their wounds; and having complimented the Coroner upon his impartiality, and expressed their intention to recommend all the prisoners to mercy, the painful investigation terminated.

 

Canterbury Journal, Kentish Times and Farmers' Gazette 25 August 1855.

CAUTION TO PUBLICANS.

James Stephens was charged with stealing a pair of trousers and gloves, the property of John Brickenden. The prisoner pleaded guilty, but said he would "throw himself on the mercy of the Court."

John Brickenden deposed—that he resided at Canterbury, and had seen the prisoner at his father's public house, the "Gate," in Patrixbourne. The prisoner slept at that house one night in a bedroom next to his own, and on Sunday morning he found that his best pair of trousers, value £1., and a pair of gloves were missing, besides seven or eight shillings in money, upon which he gave information to the police, as he suspected the prisoner.

William Wilks stated that he was a porter living in Best-lane, Canterbury. He had never seen the prisoner till Saturday, when he came up to him and inquired if there was a pawnbroker's near, when he (the witness) told him that he would go down with him to Eastes, which he did; and at prisoner's desire pawned for him the pair of trousers produced, in his (witness's) name for the sum of 6s. He offered prisoner the ticket, but he would not take it, upon which he (witness) went back and took the trousers out of pawn on his own account, and carried them home, when a day or two afterwards he received a notice from the complainant that the trousers were his, and Dodd, the constable, claimed them on the part of the Superintendent, saving that they had been stolen. That was all he knew of the matter. (The Mayor warned this witness that he had placed himself in a very dangerous position, by pawning in his own name a pair of stolen trousers, and afterwards taking them to his home, and cautioned him to be more careful in future.)

Constable Dodd proved taking the prisoner into custody, upon his being brought to him by the last witness, when the prisoner made no remark. Committed for trial to the next Quarter Sessions for Canterbury.

Another count was preferred against the prisoner, of a similar nature as the above, When the following witness was called:-

George Hammond, who deposed that he kept the "Maiden Head" public-house, in Canterbury, and that the prisoner lodged with him one Wednesday night, after which he missed a waistcoat, a neckerchief, and two pairs of trousers, when, hearing that a man had been arrested on a similar charge, he sent his wife to see if it was the same person. She identified the prisoner, who was wearing the waistcoat and neck-tie that he had stolen.

Committed.

A third count was also alleged against the prisoner, for stealing a gown from a servant belonging to the "Griffin" public house. This, however, was not proceeded with; and the prisoner stood committed for the two first counts.

[On the prisoner was found a black frock coat, nearly new, which is much too large for him; and which, no doubt, has been stolen from some public-house he has lodged at. Rea be seen at the Police-station.]

 

From the Kentish Chronicle, 17 March, 1860.

ST. AUGUSTINE'S PETTY SESSION.

John Culshaw, John Neale, and William Robjent, three privates, belonging to the 7th Dragoon Guards, were brought up in custody, charged with stealing a goose, the property of Mr. George Cooper, Milestone Farm, Patrixbourne, on the night of the 7th instant. The prisoners were at the "Gate" public house, on the Dover Road, where they had some drink and tobacco, for which they refused to pay. After an altercation they left the house, and went in the direction of Mr. Cooper's farm. During the evening Mrs. Cooper saw three soldiers in the yard; they tried the stable door, and afterwards went to try the house door and rung the bell. Mrs. Cooper asked them what they wanted, and they said they wanted lodgings. She told them they might go on to the Bridge Union, but they said the Union was no place for soldiers. They then went towards the place where the geese and fowls were kept, and Mrs. Cooper afterwards heard the geese and fowls making a noise. On the following morning it was discovered that a goose was missing. The same night three soldiers were seen in a straw lodge, about a mile and three quarters from Mr. Cooper's farm, and in that lodge a goose was found, which was identified as the one which was missing from Mrs. Cooper's. Evidence was given to prove that the tree prisoner were absent from the barracks without leave on the night of the robbery, after which the case was remanded till the Petty Sessions on Saturday.

 

South Eastern Gazette, 20 March, 1860.

PATRIXBOURNE. Robbery by Soldiers.

On Saturday, at St. Augustine’s Petty Sessions, Canterbury, three Dragoons, named John Neal, W. Robgent, and John Cultshaw, were charged with having stolen a goose, the property of Mr. Geo. Cooper, of Mileston farm, in this parish.

Thomas Gosling, a labourer in the employ of Mr. Cooper, deposed that on the morning of the 8th inst. he missed one of the geese from the farm yard. They were all right on the previous night. He now identified the goose produced as the one lost, and as belonging to his master. It was an old acquaintance, as he had attended to it for some years past.

John Brickenden, landlord of the "Gate" public-house, on the Dover-road, spoke to the three prisoners coming to his house at about ten o'clock on the evening of the 7th inst. They had some beer and tobacco, but refused to pay for it. They went away in the direction of Mr. Cooper’s residence.

Mrs. Mary Ann Cooper deposed that shortly after ten o’clock on the night of the 7th inst. she saw the three soldiers standing against the farm-yard. They went in the direction of the waggon lodge, and shortly afterwards they rang the house bell. She inquired what they wanted? They replied that they wanted to lie down. She told them that the union-house was a little further on. They said that was not a fit place for soldiers to lie down in, and then left, going in the direction of the place where the poultry were kept.

Joseph Gosling spoke to seeing the three prisoners leave the chaff-house on Mr. Mount’s premises at Nackington, at about half-past six o’clock on the morning of the 8th inst.; they went in the direction of Canterbury. Neal’s trowsers were torn at the time, and they all appeared as if they had been sleeping among some straw.

Stephen Holding, in the service of Mr. Mount, deposed to finding a dead goose in the chaff-house the same morning. It appeared to have been lately killed.

Supt. Walker deposed to apprehending the prisoners on the charge in the barracks; they said they had not been in the country at all on the Wednesday night when the goose was stolen. At the superintendent's, Neal produced his overalls; they were torn, as stated by the witness Gosling.

Sergeant Slater proved that the accused were absent from the barracks without leave, from the previous Tuesday until ten o’clock in the morning of the 8th inst.

Upon being asked whether they would be tried before the bench or sent to the sessions, they chose the latter, and were committed for trial.

 

From the Kentish Chronicle, 24 March, 1860.

ST. AUGUSTINE'S PETTY SESSIONS. SATURDAY.

Three soldiers belonging to the 7th Dragoon Guards, named Robert Culshant, John Neale, and William Robjent, were brought up on remand charged with stealing a goose, the property of George Cooper, farmer, Milestone Farm, Patrixbourne, on the night of the 7th instant. The circumstances attending he robbery were detailed in our report of the preliminary examination of the prisoners on the Kentish Chronicle of last Saturday. The depositions taken at the first examination were read over to the different witnesses and sworn to, but no additional witnesses were called.

The prisoners were committed for trial at the sessions.

 

South Eastern Gazette, 25 September, 1860.

Wilfully Breaking Windows.

On Wednesday last, a woman who gave the name of Sarah Incompencunary, and stated that she was a native of Devonshire, was placed at the bar of the city police court on the charge of having been drunk and wilfully broken five pains of glass, value 5s., at the house of John Buckenden, landlord of the "Gate" public house, on the New Road.

The landlady proved the case, and from her evidence it appeared that the defendant was drinking in the tap-room at 5 o'clock on the previous evening, and when she (witness) went to take away the empty pots, the defendant flew at her, snatched one of the pots out of her hand, and then struck her. A young man lodging in the house put the defendant out and shut the door, and she then broke five panes of glass with her hand.

The bench ordered the accused to pay the damage and 6s. costs, or in default to be committed for 14 days.

 

Kentish Gazette, 27 June 1865.

HARBLEDOWN. FATAL GUN ACCIDENT.

On Saturday morning a fatal accident occurred, in Church Wood Lane, in this parish, to a man named Robert Fagg, a labourer, who accidentally shot himself. When found he was bleeding from a frightful wound in the head. A cart was obtained to take him to the Kent and Canterbury Hospital, but he died before reaching that institution. On the same day Mr. Coroner Delasaux and a respectable jury, of which Mr. H. S. Wraight was foreman, held an inquest on the body. George Austin, labourer, of Faversham, deposed that between 4 and 5 o’clock on Saturday morning, he was at work assisting in sinking a well near the "Gate" public house, when he heard the report of a gun. In consequence of information received he shortly afterwards went to Church Wood Lane, where he saw the deceased lying on the ground on his back. Near him was a gun which had been recently discharged. He was bleeding from the right eye and mouth, but was not dead. A horse and cart were obtained from Mr. Curling's, in which he was placed, and driven towards Canterbury. On the previous evening the deceased had some tea with Austin and two other persons, and promised to shoot a rabbit for them either then or in the morning.

Mr. Hutchings, house surgeon at the Kent and Canterbury Hospital, deposed that the deceased was taken to that institution on Saturday morning, being then dead. On examination he found a gunshot wound on the right eye and temple. The skull was fractured, and some of the shot had penetrated the brain. From the nature of the wound and the direction of the shot he felt certain the wound was the result of an accident.

The jury returned a verdict of "Accidental Death."

 

From the Whitstable Times and Herne Bay Herald, Saturday 13 September 1879.

VIOLENT ASSAULT ON A COUNTY POLICE CONSTABLE.

At the City Police Court on Tuesday, before the Mayor and G. J. Drury, Esq., Charles Austen, a gunner in the Royal Horse Artillery, having two good conduct badges on his arm, was charged with a violent and brutal assault on Instructing-Constable Goldsack, of the K.C.C., in the parish of Thanington, within the city, on the previous afternoon.

The constable, whose face was scratched and bruised, deposed as follows:—

Yesterday I met the prisoner coming into Bridge. I was then in plain clothes, and I asked the prisoner if he was on pass. He said he was. He was in company with a young man belonging to Kingstone, with whom he said he was going to that place. I advised him not to go there, but he said he wished to do so, and I let him pass on. Subsequently I received information that he was absent from barracks, and I then went in pursuit of him, having put on my uniform. I found him at Kingstone and apprehended him as a deserter. He asked me not to handcuff him, and I said I would not if he would go along quietly, and he said he would. On arriving at Bridge I took him into a public house and gave him some beer and food, and then we proceeded towards Canterbury. At the "Gate" public house he gave me the slip, and I saw him running away. I was unable to catch him, and the next I heard of him was that he was in a public house in Wincheap. I went there and re-arrested him. I told him that as he had escaped from me I must now secure him, and I was about to handcuff him when he commenced a most brutal assault upon me. He struck and kicked me, tried to strangle me, and used every effort to get me down. I struggled with him in the taproom for some time; he pulled off his jacket and continued striking at me.

I begged of him to be quiet and so did several people who were in the room. He got me out into the road, put one hand on my throat and with the other got hold of my staff. I called for assistance and a young man came and got the prisoner off me. He was like a madman and as powerful as a horse; but I managed to keep him off with the aid of my staff. He made a rush at me and then went down by the side of the house, where he kept threatening he would “corpse” me, he had “corpsed" many a better man than me. He then picked up large brickbats and flint stones and threw at me, but they struck the wall and went to pieces like snowballs. They came from him as though they were shot from a cannon. I called for assistance and eventually some men who were working along the line came to me. Four of them assisted me and at last I got the handcuffs on him. A city constable had then arrived, and we walked along the line with the prisoner, who then picked up with his two hands a quantity of stones and threw in my face. Sergeant Hayward next came along and he and the constable (Prior) escorted the prisoner up to the barracks, while I walked behind. I have bruises all over my body, the result of the prisoner’s kicks and blows.

Prisoner, in reply to the clerk, said he was very sorry, but it was drink that made him violent. Superintendent Walker (Home Division) said the prisoner appeared to be sober when he saw him.

The Mayor said the assault was one of a most atrocious and brutal nature, and the prisoner might consider himself fortunate that he did not stand in the dock on a more serious charge. The Bench would deal with him in the severest manner the law allowed them, and sentence him to six months’ hard labour.

 

Dover Express 21 August 1931.

PATRIXBOURNE. DEATH OF MR. C. BRICKENDEN.

The death occurred on Friday at his residence, Prospect Cottage, Patrixbourne, of Mr. Charles Brickenden, aged 84 years. Mr. Brickenden, until he retired a few years ago, held the licence of the "Gate Inn," Canterbury, for 42 years - the licence had been held by the family for over 80 years. The funeral took place at St. Peter's Church, Bridge, on Tuesday, the Vicar, the Rev. Hubert Knight officiating.

 

From the Dover Express and East Kent News, Friday, 15 January, 1932. Price 1½d.

PUBLICAN DECLINES TO PAY HIGHER RENT

A rather peculiar case came before the Canterbury County Court last Saturday. The Brewers, Messrs. George beer and Rigden, Ltd., applied for an order fixing the rent of the "Gate," in New Dover Road. The house did a fairly small trade when Mr. F. Pritchard took it in 1927. The Brewers spent £2,000 on improving it. the trade increased, but Mr. Pritchard claimed that it was a controlled house, and declined to allow the rent to be increased. This view was supported by the Magistrates. The County Court was now asked to fix the rent at £75 instead of £12 12s., as Mr. Pritchard was making a profit of £8 a week against £3 before the improvements were made. His Honour fixed the rent at £52 a year.

 

 

The Inns of Canterbury by Edward Wilmot's, 1988, mentions a document, date circa 1945 that gives the description of clientele at the pub as being "Residents and road users."

The name was apparently changed to the "Old Gate Inn" some time after 1965.

I also have this same pub listed as being in Patrixbourne as "The Sign of the Gate."

 

LICENSEE LIST

HOWARD Richard 1728+ (Toll collector and tallow chandler)

WOOD Richard 1848+ Edward Wilmot Canterbury

BRICKENDEN John 1851-67+ (age 40 in 1851Census) Melville's 1858Post Office Directory 1862

BRICKENDEN Catherine 1871+ (widow age 58 in 1871Census)

STEVENS James 1874-82+ Next pub licensee had (also bricklayer age 47 in 1881CensusPost Office Directory 1874Post Office Directory 1882

Last pub licensee had BRICKENDEN Charles (son of John) 1889-1922+ (also Pork Butcher age 46 in 1891) Post Office Directory 1891Post Office Directory 1903Kelly's 1903Post Office Directory 1913Post Office Directory 1922

PRITCHARD William Frederick 1927-30+ Dover ExpressPost Office Directory 1930

EDWARDS ???? 1939+ (age 56 in 1939)

https://pubwiki.co.uk/Gate.shtml

https://pubwiki.co.uk/GutteridgeGate.shtml

https://pubwiki.co.uk/Gate1.shtml

 

Melville's 1858From Melville's Directory 1858

Post Office Directory 1862From the Post Office Directory 1862

Post Office Directory 1874From the Post Office Directory 1874

CensusCensus

Post Office Directory 1882From the Post Office Directory 1882

Post Office Directory 1891From the Post Office Directory 1891

Post Office Directory 1903From the Post Office Directory 1903

Kelly's 1903From the Kelly's Directory 1903

Post Office Directory 1913From the Post Office Directory 1913

Post Office Directory 1922From the Post Office Directory 1922

Post Office Directory 1930From the Post Office Directory 1930

Edward Wilmot CanterburyInns of Canterbury by Edward Wilmot, 1988

 

If anyone should have any further information, or indeed any pictures or photographs of the above licensed premises, please email:-

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